Religious/church schools (RSs) played a crucial role in the social and educational life of Hungary in the first half of the 20th century. However, the 1946 communist power transmission had a serious blow on the church school system. Except few of them, RSs were reprivatized. The previously compulsory religious education from 1949 became optional, and until 1977 it remained under strict state control. The main political objective of these decades is “disbelief”, and this objective used education as main tool, and the ideology of the state determined the educational system. Churches opposed it strongly, and nation-wide protests started. Yet, nothing changed until the collapse of Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Then, with the system change in 1990, the entire school system changed and schools were returned to the churches. Using historical research methodology, this paper will analyse the religious education politics of Hungary in the communist era and after it by collecting data from the secondary sources. Thus, this paper, first will describe the Hungarian education system in general with a focus on church schools. Then, it will widely discuss how the politics of the time affected the educational structure, and how the RSs responded to the oppressive political climate by exploring the history of RSs in communist time and after it.